Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) is a group of inspection techniques used to evaluate the condition, quality, and integrity of materials or components without damaging or permanently altering them. It allows defects and internal or surface irregularities to be detected while the inspected item remains suitable for use.
Common NDT methods include ultrasonic testing, radiographic testing, magnetic particle inspection, liquid penetrant testing, and visual inspection. For example, ultrasonic waves can be used to examine the inside of a metal component and identify cracks, voids, or other discontinuities that may not be visible from the surface. NDT is widely used in manufacturing, aerospace, automotive, construction, energy, pipelines, and infrastructure to improve safety, quality control, and equipment reliability.
